Ruler
Apepi (Apophis)
Hyksos king (Fifteenth Dynasty)
c. 1590 – 1550 BCE
A long reign, approximately dated; authorities differ.
Biography
He ruled from Avaris for a long time. In his 33rd year a scribe named Ahmose copied the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus. Late in his reign he faced war with the kings of Thebes.
Key facts
Certainty: Established
Kamose’s second stela says Theban soldiers intercepted a letter from Apepi to the ruler of Kush asking for his help.
- K. S. B. Ryholt (1997) “The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period, c. 1800–1550 B.C.” Museum Tusculanum Press, Copenhagen
- Ian Shaw (ed.) (2000) “The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt” Oxford University Press