Ruler
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
President of Egypt since 2014
2014
President since June 2014; born in 1954.
Biography
He was defence minister when the army removed President Morsi in 2013. He was elected president in 2014 and re-elected in 2018 and 2023. His presidency has seen large infrastructure projects and economic reforms, and has also drawn criticism from human rights organisations.
Key facts
Sisi won the December 2023 election with 89.6% of the vote according to the National Elections Authority, and was sworn in for a third, six-year term in April 2024.
- Al-Monitor “Egyptian President Sisi sworn in for third term (April 2024)” al-monitor.com
The government says its policies have brought security and stability and launched major development projects, while international rights organisations say political freedoms have been widely restricted.
Scholarly note: Both positions are presented as their holders state them, without taking a side.
- Encyclopaedia Britannica “Egypt — Encyclopaedia Britannica” britannica.com
- Human Rights Watch “World Report 2025: Egypt” hrw.org